Celts through Central Greece [39 Coins]
Created: 3 Sep 2022 ; Last Updated: 29 Sep 2024
(most recent: Phlius, Euboean League, Krannon Obol, Phokian Triobol, Lokris AEs)
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- Continue to: Page V (Roman Republican & Imperial) Just Started
- Forthcoming: Page VI (Byzantine & Contemporaries); Page VII (Numismatic Literature).
Contents of This Page (or click photos or scroll):
Celts (Iberia, Gaul, C. Europe) [4 coins];
Magna Graecia & Sicily [4 coins];
Central Greece, p. I (Macedon, Thessaly) [9 coins];
Central Greece, p. II (Akarnania, Lokris, Phokis, Euboia) [9 coins];
Central Greece, p. III (Peloponnesos, Athens, Corinth) [13 coins];
CELTIC [4 Coins; top]:
Celts in Iberia. Carisa AE Semis (25mm, 9,94g), c. 120-80 BCE. Bearded male head r. / Horseman w round shield, CARIS A.
(Photo credit: Vico.) Collection History:
Colección Cores [Gonzalo Cores Uria (1930-2020), Spain; Vico Subasta 156 (Madrid, 5 Mar 2020), 35].
Published: Cores (2017) Moneda Antigua de la Península Ibérica, Parte 1, No. 3365 (this coin illustrated).
Also: Moneda Iberica (Ripollès & Gonzalbes, eds.), MIB 194/13 (primary “digital plate coin” for type).
Celts in S. Gaul (Cavares?) T. Pom. Sex. f. AE (Sextans? 16mm, 1.67g, 6h), 1st cent. BCE. Male bust, S-SEX F / Bull, T.POM.
(Photo credit: CNG.) Collection History:
Amb. Patrick Villemur (1946-) [Burgan 31 (Paris, 6 Nov 1992), 84; Triton XI (8 Jan 2008), 2];
Nomus Brasiliana [Noenio Spinola (1940-), Brazil] Coll. (NB206).
Exhibited: BM&F Bovespa [B3 SA, São Paulo Stock Exchange] (28 Apr-26 Aug 2011);
Associação Comercial da Bahia, “Dinheiro, Deuses & Poder…” (29 Sep 2011 –);
BM&F [“Music, Mathematics & Money”] (12 Apr 2015 – 3 Nov 2016);
Comissão de Valores Mobiliários (30 Nov 2016 – 31 Jan 2017).
Published: Depeyrot (2002) Numéraire Celtique (v. 1) 130.54 (this coin cited);
RPC I Online 507, ex. 14 (illustrated, post-publication);
(prob., yet to find copy) Spinola (2011), Dinheiro, Deuses & Poder: A História Política do Dinheiro (“Gods, Money & Power: The Political History of Money”).
Celts in Central Gaul (Sequani) AR Quinarius (12mm, 1.93g, 5h), 1st cent. BCE. Head of Roma / Horse. Q•DOCI – SAM•F.
(Photo credit: Leu.) Collection Hist.:
Felix de Saulcy (1807-1880) Collection [Cahn 81 (5 Apr 1933), 1606 (part)];
Fürstenberger Münzkabinett (Prince Karl Egon II [1796-1854] & descendants, curated by Freiherr Franz Simon von Pfaffenhoffen [1797-1872]);
Gottlieb Wüthrich (1879-1946) Collection [Münzen und Medaillen AG, 1970s-80s, possibly FPL 445 (Jun 1982), 210 (“Av. décentré”)];
“Old Swiss Collection,” formed 1970s [Leu WA 11 (22 Feb 2020), 4];
Joachim Schlüter Collection [Leu WA 20 (16 Jul 2022), 109).
Publication Hist.: Wüthrich 115 (this coin cited on p. 28 & illustrated on Pl. V, 22), in Wüthrich, G. (1945), “Celtic Numismatics in Switzerland,” Numismatic Chronicle 5: 1-33, Pl. I-VII.
Celts in Eastern Europe “Baumreiter” AR Drachm (3.35g, 15mm, 10h), 3rd cent. BCE. Bearded head / Rider on horse.
(Photo credit: Roma.) Collection Hist.:
Hermann Lanz (1910-1998) [part II, Roma XVIII (London, 2019 Sept 29), 115].
Exhibited: Staatlichen Münzsammlung München, 1997 International Numismatic Congress, Berlin; Berliner Bank, 1997;
Luitpoldblock Palmengarten, Munich 2003.
Published: Kostial – Lanz 422 (this coin, illustrated) in Kelten im Osten: Gold und Silber der Kelten in Mittel- und Osteuropa: Sammlung Lanz (1997 & 2003 eds., Munich: Staatliche Münzsammlung).
Also: “Digital plate coin” on Numista # 190528.
GREEK
ITALY & SICILY [4 Coins; top]:
Bruttium, Rhegion AR Hemilitron (7mm, 0.31g, 12h), 450-435 BCE. Lion mask / RECI in wreath, controls above/below.
(Photo credit: Naville.) Collection History:
Elvira Clain-Stefanelli (1914-2001) [Naville 38 (10 Mar 2018), Lot 41 (corr., denom.)].
Published: Plate coin in E. E. Clain-Stefanelli (1987) RBN, “Fractional Silver Coinage of Sicily and Magna Graecia” [PDF], plate XII, fig. 32-33, and p. 57.
Notes: The AR Hemilitron is much rarer than the larger Litra. The best known example is the Herzfelder / Münzhand. Basel 4 specimen (Prince W.) = ANS (Newell) (same obv. die as mine). ACSearch archives 2 more: M&M GmbH 49, 32 & BFA EA 64, 115 = EA 32, 137. Unique w/ controls: K (or <?) / I (Zeta, or sideways H [Eta]?).
Bruttium, Brettii AE Didrachm or Reduced Sextans (24mm, 9h), c. 211-208 (?) BCE. Ares / Athena, plow [unique var.?].
(Photo credit: CNG.) Collection History:
Miguel Muñoz (1909-1989) [Part III, Superior (Beverly Hills, 10 Jun 1981), 1512];
Robert W. Bartlett (1931-2017);
American Numismatic Society [Bartlett Bequest; CNG Keystone 4 (2 Sep 2021), Lot 9].
Prov. & Numis. Notes: See Note (Bartlett-Muñoz) on the collectors & unpublished (unique?) var.
Sicily, Syracuse (Pyrrhos) AE Litra (22mm, 11.07), 278-276 BCE. Herakles / Athena.
(Photo credit: Naville.) Collection History:
“Lord Grantley,” John Richard-Brinsley Norton (1855-1943), 5th Baron of Grantley [Glendining & Co, Grantley part VI (29 Jun 1944), Lot 2251 or 2252 (part of 44 or 59), likely acq. Sotheby (1936) Mavrojani sale];
Richard Cyril Lockett (1873-1950) Collection w/ tray tag written in his own hand, Part II: Greek I [Glendining (25 Oct 1955), 981 (part of 8)];
Cornelius Vermeule (1925-2008) Collection, sold for the benefit of the Boston Museum of Fine Arts [Triton III (30 Nov 1999), prob. 1655 (part)];
prob. Mavrojani Collection [noted in this coin’s likely record in Lockett’s purchase notebooks (Greek 12 AE Sicily); Lockett’s ex-Mavrojani Greek AE came mostly (entirely?) via Grantley; he often recorded only the former].
Notes: On Grantley VI & R.C. Lockett, see Grantley Note below. (Grantley bio: PDF from BNS.)
Incidentally, I do have a much nicer Pyrrhos Herakles/Athena AE, but I haven’t found anything too exciting about its prov. (to 1983).
Above: Lockett tag & notebook. Below: Grantley. His bio avail. in PDF from BNS.
Sicily, Aetna, Adranon Mercenaries AE Drachm (30mm, 26.11g), 4th BCE. Apollo / Lyre. [Dramatic Overstrike, Syracuse.]
(Photo credit: CNG, 2005.) Collection History:
Ex Thomas Virzi (1881-1974);
“Tony Hardy” (dec. by c. 2002?) Collection [NAC Auction I (19 May 1999), Lot 1137; CNG EA 116 (15 Jun 2005), Lot 56].
Published: Virzi (n.d.) The Tom Virzi Collection of Greek Bronzes, No. 512;
R. Calciati (1987) Corpus Nummorum Siculorum: La Monetazione di Bronzo, III: 2 st 4/5;
A. Campana CNAI (PN 98, 1996) 1.A (this coin cited on p. 35).
See Also: Greek Overstrikes Database (G.O.D.) 19640 (this coin).
Notes: A fascinating overstrike, remnants of the Syracuse Drachm design combining to create unique imagery: on the obverse, Apollo (otherwise laureate) appears to wear Athena’s helmet; and, on the reverse, the frame of the lyre (or kithara) is constructed from Syracuse’s pair of dolphins.
The patina is worse in hand (but better than Noble 130’s photo!); the overstrike is most visible in CNG’s photo (reproduced in Callataÿ’s database).
See the Virzi-Hardy Collections Note, below.
CENTRAL GREECE (Macedonia, Thessaly) [9 Coins; top]:
Macedon, Skione AR Hemiobol (6mm, 0.34g), c. 5th Cent. BCE. Protesilaos (?) / Human eye.
(Photo credit: CNG [ed.].) Collection Hist.:
Dr. Jay M. Galst (1950-2020) [CNR XXV, “A Selection of Macedonian Fractions” (Summer 2000), 22; CNG EA 531.1 (25 Jan 2023), 78], w/ his hand-written label & small typed tag (from ANS exhibit?).
Published: OIN XIII.9 (this coin illustrated) in Galst & van Alfen, Ophthalmologia Optica et Visio in Nummis (2013, NY: ANS) [Google Books: 118-p. preview];
Marathaki (2014; The history and coinage of ancient Skione in Chalcidice[?]) No. 93 (E70/O67), Page 81 (catalog), p. 284 (sale catalog index), Plate 27 & 57 (enlarged 2x). Only known specimen of its obverse die
Exhibition Hist.: Possibly part of exhibition, “Ophthalmologia in Nummis,” at American Numismatic Society (NYC, dates uncertain). Galst frequently exhibited coins & medals; the small white tag appears to be a display tag, perhaps assoc. w/ book’s publication.
Kings of Macedon, Alexander III AR Drachm (17mm, 4.31g, 12h), Sardes, 323 BCE. Herakles / Zeus, torch.
(Photo credit: Stack’s.) Collection Hist.:
Richard Cyril Lockett (1873-1950) Collection [acq. Baldwin’s n.d.; Part VI/Greek II, Glendining (London, 12 February 1958), Lot 1378 (part, not ill.)];
Salton Collection, Mark Salton-Schlessinger (1914-2005) & Lottie Salton (née Aronstein, 1924-2020) [Stack’s Bowers NYINC 16 Jan 2023 (Salton Greek, Part II), Lot 26097];
NGC 6369914-015.
Published: SNG Lockett 1501 (this coin illustrated) in Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum. British Series. Volume III. The Lockett Collection. Part II (1942, London).
Notes: Salton’s collector tag for Lot 26099 was mistakenly incl., prev. SNG Lockett 1499 (prov. not noted by Stack’s but recognized by Kolner when it reappeared a few months later; I bid unsuccessfully both times).
Macedon, temp. Perseus, Pseudo-Rhodian AR Drachm (15mm, 2.77g, 12h), Third Macedonian War, 177-168 BCE. Helios / Rose. Aristokrates.
(Photo credit: CNG.) Collection Hist.:
Ex 1992 Thessalonike Area Hoard (CH VIII, 426).
Published: Ashton (2002, NC), “Clubs, Thunderbolts, Torches, Stars and Caducei…” p. 62, No. 79 & pl. 13 (this coin illustrated).
Thessaly, Heraclea Trachinia AR Obol (10mm, 0.80g, 11h), c. 380-350 BCE. Lion head / Club & ivy leaves.
(Photo credit: CNG.) Collection Hist.:
Jean P. Lambros (1843-1909) [Hirsch XXIX (Munich, 9 Nov 1910), 316; see Note 2-a];
F. Robert Jameson (1861-1942) [collection bought en bloc by Jacob Hirsch];
(prob.) Jacob Hirsch (1874-1955) Estate [acq. by Bank Leu, Zurich, c. 1955; but sold when?];
BCD Collection [NAC Auction D (Zurich, 2 Mar 1994), 1397; CNG EA 290 (7 Nov 2012), 20];
Jim Gilman [acq. Kirk Davis, 2014; later, Kirk Davis 78 (2021), 25 & CNG 120 (11 May 2022), 91];
w/ BCD tag & photos, NAC labels, Gilman’s envelope;
(see also this coin in my “Catalog Collection Favorites”; the lovely photo of the coin & U.S. penny below comes from a Kirk Davis’ VCoins listing; my “coin in hand video” also available).
Published: Jameson 1081A, in Collection R. Jameson: Monnaies Grecques Antiques (1913, Paris: Feuardent), desc., Vol 1, p. 245 & ill., Vol 2, Pl. XCIV) [Note 2-b].
Notes: BCD wrote the following about another silver fraction from the Jameson Collection (Nr. 2057), which could equally apply to this one:
“It is not often that a collector is lucky enough to acquire a coin that has been owned and handled by such legendary collectors as the above. This writer is awed by the aura of previous owners to whom the name of Jacob Hirsch, a dealer, should be added as he catalogued and sold this coin twice…” [BCD Lokris-Phokis 52.]
Thessaly, Krannon AR Obol (11.5mm, 0.97g, 11h), c. 460 BCE. Bull (trident behind) / Horse.
(Photo credit: Nomos.) Collection Hist.:
Collection sans Pareille [Nomos 29 (5 Nov 2023), 724];
Leo Mildenberg (1913-2001) Collection [acq. en bloc by CsP, 1970s];
Münzen und Medaillen FPL 206 (Dec 1960), 21.
Published: Liampi 1996, p. 106 Group I.I.B, 4d [specimen “d”] (this coin cited to MMAG, unill.).
Notes: Taurokathapsia issue, as the chalkous below. Not mentioned in Nomos 26, a trident is faintly visible behind the bull (the event honored Poseidon). See the “coin in hand video.”
Thessaly, Krannon AE Chalkous (13mm, 2.10g, 12h), c. 400-350 BCE. Thessalos & horse / Bull & trident.
(Photo credit: CNG.) Collection Hist.:
BCD Collection [Triton XV (NYC, 3 Jan 2012), Lot 115 (part), w/ auction tag, but sadly no BCD tag].
Published: BCD Thessaly II 115.4.
Notes: See the “coin in hand video.”
I have two “shelf copies” of BCD Thessaly II, ex Libraries of David Hendin (unfortunately w/out any annotations!) & Alois Wenninger. (My day-to-day copy lacks any notable “object bio.”) (See this copy [ex Hendin] on my “Catalog Collection Favorites.”)
Thessaly, Larissa AR Drachm (19.5mm, 5.68 g, 5h), early 4th cent. BCE. Facing head of Larissa / Horse grazing.
(Photo credit: CNG.) Provenance & Collection Hist.:
Ex Thessaly Hoard, 1993 (CH IX, 64);
BCD Collection [Triton XV (NYC, 3 Jan 2012), Lot 218].
Publication History: BCD Thessaly II 218;
Lorber-Shahar (2007) “Early Facing Head Drachms of Larissa (Catalog),” O6/R3, specimen A (this coin, citing Thess. Hoard No. 18);
Lorber (2009, SNR) “Thessaly 1993 Hoard (CH IX 64),” page 131, No. 9 & Plate 9 (this coin illustrated).
Note: On the revised chronology of Lorber (1992, FW) & Thess. Hoard 1993 numbers, see also Lorber (2008, AJN). See “provenance chart” (1993-2021) for this coin or the Blog Post: “‘Provenance Diagrams’ for Ancient Coins“:
Thessaly, Pelinna AR Obol (~13mm, 0.82g, 7h), c. 425-400 BCE. Horse / Warrior wielding shield & spear.
(Photo credit: Jackson-Jacobs.) Collection Hist.:
Dr. S. Pozzi (1846 – 1918) Collection [Naville Ars Classica I (Lucerne, 14 Mar 1921), 1236];
BCD Collection [Nomos Auction 4 (Zurich, 10 May 2011), Lot 1433 (part) ; poss. acq. Berlin 1981 (see LHS 96, 1037), among “some rare fractions from the Pozzi collection. An old collection dispersed?”];
Sheik Saoud Al-Thani (1966-2014) [NAC Auction 133 (“Collection of a Man in Love with Art, Part V,” Zurich, 21 Nov 2022, Lot 59].
Published: Serge Boutin 2826 (this coin illustrated) in Monnaies Grecques Antiques Provenant de la Collection de feu le Prof. S. Pozzi (1979, Maastricht: van der Dussen) [my two sets of Boutin (1979) are from the Salton Library & Bibliothek Wenninger];
BCD Thessaly I 1433.7 (this coin, p. 158) [one of my copies ex Bibliothek Wenninger].
See also: Sprawski (2014) “Peltasts in Thessaly” p. 96, note 9 (this coin cited) & Sprawski (2009) Tessalia, Tessalowie i ich sąsiedzi, p. 142, n. 335 & p. 161 (this coin cited).
Possibly also (see Rogers-Pozzi Note): Rogers (1932) The Copper Coinage of Thessaly, p. 142 (this coin cited in error). Described as being in Rev. Edgar Rogers (1873-1961) Collection: “E.R. ex Pozzi 1236 (Fig. 234).” Being a book about Thessaly’s AE, however, a different coin of Pelinna is described & illustrated.
Notes: Re: Dr. Pozzi, see Note 2C, Pozzi Bio. See also the Corinth AR Stater, below.
CENTRAL GREECE (Akarnania, Lokris, Phokis, Euboia) [9+ Coins; top]:
Akarnania, Leukas AR Stater (20mm, 8.62g, 6h), c. 300 BCE. Pegasos flying / Head of Athena, grapes & amphora.
(Photo credit: CNG.) Collection/Publication Hist.:
BCD Collection [Münzen & Medaillen GmbH 23 (Munich, 18 Oct 2007), Lot 278 (part)];
CGB (Paris) Live Auction 7 June 2022, Lot 26;
BCD Akarnania 278.1.
Akarnania, Federal Coinage AE (21mm, 5.17g, 4h), 3rd cent BCE. Athena / Man-headed bull, Achelӧos.
(Photo credit: CNG.) Collection/Publication Hist.:
reportedly found in Phokis;
BCD Collection [Münzen & Medaillen GmbH 23 (Munich, 18 Oct 2007), Lot 42];
Michel Thys, Sammlung Flussgötter-Darstellungen [Jacquier 52 (15 Sep 2023), Lot 513];
BCD Akarnania 42.
Locris Opuntii AE Chalkous X 5 (12-14mm, 1.76-3.67g), 4th-2nd cent. BCE. Head of Athena / Grapes.
(Photo credit: Naville.) Collection/Publication Hist.:
Ex BCD Lokris-Phokis Duplicates [var. Naville Numismatics Auctions; BCD’s tags apparently lost];
these coins illustrated in Humphris & Delbridge (2014), Coinage of the Opountian Lokrians [PDF avail. from RNS] from plaster casts made by BCD;
Findspots: 114a: C. Greece [corr., info. for 118c] ; 123a: — ; 40a: Halos ; 12a: Phokis ; 8a: Psophis.
Notes: I have several others that are cited but not illustrated. The H-D corpus of Lokris Opuntii is a great illustration of what made the BCD Collection so valuable for scholarship. The initials BCD appear in the text & catalog over 2,000 times & a considerable portion of the plate coins are illustrated from hand-made casts from the collection (made by the collector, I would guess; many other studies use his little hand trimmed life-size photos).
Locris Opuntii AE Chalkous (12mm, 3.05g, 7 h), 3rd cent. BCE. Head of Athena / Grapes.
(Photo credit: Naville.) Collection/Publication Hist.:
Ex Danish National Museum, Copenhagen, Duplicates (reportedly);
(prob.) C.J. Holm [early 1960s; c. 1966-1975];
BCD Lokris-Phokis Duplicates [Naville 14 (11 Apr 2015), 54 (unsold); BCD’s tags apparently lost afterward];
this coin cited in Humphris & Delbridge (2014), p. 207, group 23.1 (unidentified dies, final coin).
Provenance Notes: On the provenance history of the Copenhagen Duplicates, via the Holm & BCD Collections, see Note 3 below.
Phokis, Federal Coinage (Phokian League) AR Hemiobol (8mm, 0.40g, 6 h), 485-480 BCE. Head of bull / Corinthian helmet.
Phokis, Federal Coinage (Phokian League) AR Hemiobol (9mm, 0.40g, 6 h), 485-480 BCE. Head of bull / Corinthian helmet.
(Photo credit: NAC.) Collection/Publication Hist.:
BCD Collection [NAC 55 (Zurich, 8 Oct 2010), 197];
BCD Lokris-Phokis 197 (this coin illustrated, p. 78).
(Photo credit: NAC.) Collection/Publication Hist.:
Ex BCD Collection [NAC 55 (Zurich, 8 Oct 2010), 198];
Münzen und Medaillen FPL 494, “Antike Kleinmünzen” (Nov-Dec 1986), Nr. 30];
BCD Lokris-Phokis 198 (this coin illustrated, p. 78);
Wildwinds (Phokis) “digital plate coin,” BMC 61-63 (this coin illustrated for type).
Phokis, Federal Coinage AR Triobol – Hemidrachm (15mm, 2.97g), 460-457 BCE. Head of bull / Artemis.
Phokis, Federal Coinage AR Triobol – Hemidrachm (15mm, 2.82g), 357-4 BCE. Head of bull / Apollo.
(Photo credit: Naville.) Collection/Publication Hist.:
BCD Collection [NAC 55 (Zurich, 8 Oct 2010), 229 (part)];
BCD Lokris-Phokis 229.3 (this coin illustrated, p. 86).
(Photo credit: Naville.) Collection/Publication Hist.:
BCD Collection [NAC 55 (Zurich, 8 Oct 2010), 281 (part)];
BCD Lokris-Phokis 281.3 (this coin illustrated, p. 104).
High-relief designs: artistic & wonderful! Coin-in-hand video (imgur [25s], YouTube [20s]):
My favorite die-pair among Triobols of the Third Sacred War (Wiki). Struck by Philomelos, Strategos of the Phokian League, who famously plundered the Temple of Apollo at Delphi in 356 (see Hammond JHS 1937). The Sacred War coins, which funded mercenary forces, must have been struck mostly from the Apollonion‘s looted silver (see Williams 1972: 46-62ff; Head 1911: 339; Carradice 1995: 12-3, 49; Carradice & Price: 79).
A grave sacrilege, of course. (Apollo had his revenge on the Phokians.) The Lokrians melted down recovered coins.
A generation later, Apollo gave his blessing for an issue of Amphictyonic Staters from his temple’s silver, c. 336, to rebuild after it was damaged by an earthquake. (Might the Phokian League have had a secret admirer in Poseidon?)
Note: Is that a Rho or a curl? Phokian engravers’ initials/signatures are unknown (but see Lokrian ΠY & ΠO), so it would be a surprise to find one. But Williams’ die R.195 has what looks like a tiny character above Apollo’s hair (10h).
Rho would be an uncommon initial, but the name “Rhodios” (Ῥόδιος) is attested in this region & period (LGPN). Two 4th cent. Ionian numismatic POΔΙΟΣ: Miletos Drachms (c. 340-325; ACSearch exs.) & Ephesos Tetradrachms (c. 360s; Kunker 204, 290; see also CH IX 421: pp. 178, 200 [contact me for the cited ill., Hesperia 40/41, 92]).
On Williams’ plates one might take it for curls; here it looks like a letter.
(Third coin [Obolos 21, 316], the only other fully-struck specimen I find in ACSearch. I suspect similarly of R.193; see BCD Lokris-Phokis 279.1 = CNG 99, 115 = e460, 187 = Roma 2, 180. My reading of another possible Rho in the same field on R.193 might be consistent w/ Williams’ suggestion that “All the heads of Apollo are…the work perhaps of a single artist” [p. 63] — Rhodios of Phocis? Other hypotheses are possible.)
Euboea, Eretria AR Obol (6-9mm, 0.57g, 6h), c. 500-465 BCE. Head of bull / Octopus.
(Photo credit: Noble.) Collection Hist.:
BCD Collection;
W.P. Wallace (1907-1965).
Notes: See Wallace Note. Probably one of the seven such obols in the metallurgical analysis in Wallace’s (1962, NC) “The Early Coinages of Athens and Euboia” (p. 27, “Obol, no letter (7)”).
Quick coin-in-hand video: On Youtube or Imgur.
Euboea, Federal Coinage [Euboean League] AE Dichalkon (16mm, 3.49g, 6h), c. 191-170 BCE. Veiled female / Bull, wreath above.
(Photo credit: Nomos.) Collection Hist.:
John Aiello Collection [Nomos Obolos 33 (11 Sep 2024), 255];
BCD Collection (w/ collector tag, corr. different coin, same hoard);
W.P. Wallace (1907-1965);
Ex IGCH 230, “Euboea, before c. 1940” Hoard (Mørkholm & Thompson 1973: p.37 ; see also CoinHoards.org entry).
Publication Hist.:
Wallace 1956: p. 121, “Wallace AE 2” (Hoard 3), No. 8 (wreath, 2nd, 4.4g; this coin cited);
Picard p. 194, Em. 33, “trésor Wallace” n. 2, 8 (this coin cited).
Notes : The obverse is usually described only as “veiled female” but Wallace suggested Isis. (There was a Temple of Isis at Eretria.)
Provenance Notes: BCD’s tags for coins from the Wallace hoard were mixed up; I received the tag belonging to the first coin w/ star above (5.26g, 12h). Always put weights on your tags: It didn’t prevent the mix-up this time, but including weight to 0.01g helped identify & mitigate it. See also Wallace Note.
Addl. Images: BCD Tags (corr., on Imgur), publication collage (larger on Imgur), signed/inscribed copy of Wallace 1956 (larger photo on Imgur).
Euboia, Karystos AE (Dichalkon? 18mm, 3.28g, 12h), 3rd-2nd BCE. Head of Herakles, dolphin countermark / Head of bull.
(Photo credit: CNG.) Collection/Publication Hist.:
BCD Collection [Lanz 105 (Munich, 25 Nov 2002) 587 = BCD Euboia 587].
See also: This coin illustrated online (after Lanz 105) by University of Lausanne, Swiss School of Archaeology in Greece, with their excellent index of BCD Euboia.
CENTRAL GREECE (Peloponnesos, Arkadian League, Athens, Corinth) [13 Coins; top]:
Philasia, Phlius AE Chalkous (13mm, 1.54g, 12h), c. 400-350 BCE. Bull / Phi & four dots.
(Photo credit: Nomos.) Collection/Publication Hist.:
John Aiello Collection [Nomos Obolos 33 (11 Sep 2024), 302];
BCD Collection [LHS 96 (Zurich, 8 May 2006), 107 = BCD Peloponnesos 107, p. 46-47];
Publication: BCD Peloponnesos 107, pp. 46 (text), 47 (ill.) [cataloged by Alan S. Walker, 2006, Leu Numismatics];
HGC (5) 172 (this coin illustrated), p. 50 in: O. Hoover (2011) Handbook of Coins of the Peloponnesos [Handbook of Greek Coinage, vol. 5] (Lancaster, PA: CNG).
Sikyonia, Sikyon AE Chalkous (17mm, 2.69g, 12h), c. 250-200 BCE. Dove flying right / ΣΙ within wreath.
(Photo credit: Forum GB29480.) Collection/Publication Hist.:
BCD Collection [LHS 96 (Zurich, 8 May 2006), 317 (part) = BCD Peloponnesos 317.3, illustrated on p. 91].
Sikyonia, Sikyon AE Chalkous (14mm, 2.00g, 7h), c. 250-200 BCE. Dove flying left / ΣΙ within wreath.
(Photo credit: Forum GB29479.) Collection Hist.:
BCD Collection [LHS 96 (Zurich, 8 May 2006), 328 (part)].
Publication: BCD Peloponnesos 328.11;
J. Warren No. 8A.13i in “The Autonomous Bronze Coinage of Sicyon (Part 2)” (1984, NC 144), described on p. 8, illustrated on pl. 1, No. 13.
Also: “Digital plate coin,” Coin Project ID 29479.
Olympia, Elis AR Obol (12mm, 0.86g, 5h), 105th Olympiad, c. 360 BCE. Hera (or Nymph) / Eagle.
(Photo credit: Elsen 155.) Collection Hist.:
BCD Collection [Leu 90 (Zurich, 10 May 2004), 126)];
Marc Bar (1921-2015) Collection [Elsen 155 (16 Jun 2023), 140].
Publication: BCD Olympia 126 [cataloged by Alan S. Walker, Leu Numismatics];
HGC (5) 472, in O. Hoover (2011) Handbook of Coins of the Peloponnesos [Handbook of Greek Coinage, vol. 5] (Lancaster, PA: CNG), pp. 101-2.
Notes: Both of them using this same specimen, Oliver Hoover (HGC) identifies the obv. as Hera, while Alan S. Walker (BCD Olympia) calls her “the eponymous nymph Olympia.” Why the difference?
ASW comments (p. 63) that those wearing a stephane are Hera; those without one (hair in rolls) must be Olympia. Importantly, there is an AR Stater inscribed OΛYMΠIA on the reverse, naming the nymph (BCD Olympia 118, pp. 52-3): “Both the legend and the lack of the stephane prove that she’s not Hera: she reappears, in a more mature and commanding way, on the contemporary issues of the Hera mint (see below, lots 122-127)” — i.e., including my coin, 126.
Olympia, Elis AE Diassarion (27mm, 12.56g, 12-1h), c. 30s BCE. Hera / Eagle on thunderbolt.
(Photo credit: CNG 76, part 1.) Collection/Publication Hist.:
Sammlung Gustav Philipsen (Copenhagen, 1853-1925) [Hirsch XXV (25 Nov 1909), 1300 (Pl. XVI)];
E. P. Warren (1860-1928) Collection [Naville Ars Classica XV (2 Jul 1930), Lot 809 (Pl. 28), ex “amateur étranger récemment décédé”];
Lt. Col. Reginald Keble Morcom (1877-1961) Collection;
Christopher Morcom (1939-) Collection of Pedigreed Coins of Greece & the Aegean Islands [CNG 76, part 1 (12 Sep 2007), Lot 562];
Sammlung Prof. Dr. P. R. Franke (1926-2018) [Solidus 108 (8 Nov 2022), Lot 137].
Also: Prob. Ex IGCH 216 (unknown late 19th century hoard, per BCD & Nicolet; probably 1887-1894/5, when Athens acquired 7 coins); officially “12+” coins (acquired by BMC, 1903); possibly dispersed by Canon [Rev.] William Greenwell (1820-1918)?
See Also: Coinproject ID 76000562, “digital plate coin.”
Messenia, Messene (Polykles) AR Hemidrachm – Triobol (16mm, 2.25g, 10h), Polykles c. 35 BCE. Head of Zeus / Tripod in wreath.
(Photo credit: Jackson-Jacobs.) Collection Hist.:
Kommerzienrat H. Otto, Stuttgart [Heinrich Otto, Jr. (1856-1931)] [Hess 207 (Lucerne, 1 Dec 1931), 493];
John A Sawhill (1892-1976);
James Madison University (Sawhill Bequest) [Stack’s (NYC, 15 Mar 1979), 157 (part)];
BCD Collection [CNG 81-2 (Lancaster, 20 May 2009), 2327].
Publication: BCD Peloponnesos II 2327;
C. Grandjean No. 203-g (D125/R171 – this coin) in Les Messéniens de 370/369 au 1er Siècle de Notre Èr: Monnayages et Histoire (2003, Athens: Ecole Française).
See also: Mentioned in CoinWeek article announcing the sale at Künker e-sale 65 (23 Feb 2021, Lot 7037): “From the field of Greek coins stands out a rare hemidrachm from Messene, formerly part of the BCD collection.”
Argolis, Epidauros AR Hemidrachm (14mm, 2.55g, 6h), c. 280-250 BCE. Head of Asclepius / EΠ monogram in wreath.
(Photo credit: CNG.) Collection Hist.:
Ex 1979/80 Epidaurus Hoard (Coin Hoards VII, 69; CH VIII, 298);
BCD Collection [CNG 84 (5 May 2010), Lot 502, corr. (reference, incomplete prov.)];
Weise Collection [CNG EA 547 (4 Oct 2023), Lot 155, corr. (same)].
Publication Hist.: Requier 105 (R4/D4), this coin illustrated on Pl. 5 in Pierre Requier (1993) “Le Monnayage d’Épidaure à la Lumière d’un Nouveau Trésor,” SNR 72: pp. 29-46, pl. 1-8.
Argolis, Epidauros AE Chalkous (11.5mm, 1.18g, 12h), c. 3rd cent. BCE. Head of Asclepius / E in wreath.
(Photo credit: Nomos [edited].) Collection Hist.:
(prob.) Athanasios Rhousopoulos (1823–1898), before 1890 [prob. ex Hirsch XIII (Rhousopoulos sale, 15 May 1905), 2729 (corr., ref. BMC 22)];
BCD Collection [(prob.) ex Bank Leu, 1979 & presumably old stock of Jacob Hirsch (1874-1955)];
Maleatas Collection of Epidauros [Nomos 24 (Zurich, 22 May 2022), 137.3 (corr.: weight, axis, diameter, provenance)].
Provenance Notes: See Note 4 re: the corrected provenance (?) from Nomos 24.
Arkadian League, Megalopolis AR Hemidrachm – Triobol (16mm, 2.22g, 10h), c. 80s – 50s BCE. Head of Zeus / Pan, eagle.
Arkadian League, Megalopolis AR Hemidrachm – Triobol (17mm, 2.33g, 5h), c. 80s – 50s BCE. Head of Zeus / Pan, eagle.
(Photo credit: Peus.) Collection Hist.:
BCD Collection [LHS 96 (Zurich, 8 May 2006), 1560];
Burkhard Traeger [Peus 430 (Frankfurt, 27 Apr 2922), 56].
Publication: BCD Peloponnesos 1560;
Traeger No. 466 in Arkadien: Die Münzstätten und Münzen von der Archaischen bis zur Hellenistischen Epoche (2021, Bremen: BNG).
See Note 5.
Collection Hist.:
Ex “Peloponnesos Hoard” Spring 1985 (prob. CH VIII 338, Greece, 1986 or Earlier) [per BCD Collector tag];
BCD Collection [LHS 96 (Zurich, 8 May 2006), 1561];
Burkhard Traeger [Peus 430 (Frankfurt, 27 Apr 2922), 56].
Publication: BCD Peloponnesos 1561;
Burkard Traeger No. 454 (?) in Arkadien (2021). See Note 6.
Notes: While the AR Triobols were among the more modest offerings, BCD Peloponnesos I was perhaps the most comprehensive-ever private collection of the Arkadian League. Lot 1511, the opening AR Stater, included the following comment by its cataloger, ASW:
“… the only complete set of Arkadian League staters, assembled by obverse die, ever to appear in a single sale (and it is very unlikely that another complete set will ever appear again).”
Arkadian League, Tegea AR Hemidrachm – Triobol (14mm, 2.87g, 12h), 465-460 BCE. Zeus seated / Kallisto.
(Photo credit: Stack’s.) Collection Hist.:
Salton Collection, Mark Salton-Schlessinger (1914-2005) & Lottie Salton (née Aronstein, 1924-2020) [Stack’s Bowers, “Salton, Part II: Greek” (NYINC 16 Jan 2023), Lot 26097];
NGC 6369943-009.
Publication: Williams 84c (this example cited) in The Confederate Coinage of the Arcadians in the Fifth Century B.C. (ANS, 1965).
Notes: Both dies engraved by the so-called “Athens Master.” See Note 7.
Attica, Athens AR Tetradrachm (16.61g, 28mm, 12h), “New Style” Coinage, Karaich–, Ergokle–, Diome–, c. 121/0 BCE. Athena / Owl.
(Photo credit: Stack’s.) Collection Hist.:
Count Georg de Laval (Stockholm, 1883 – 1970) [Glendining’s, “The Property of a Nobleman” (18 Apr 1955), Lot 408.1];
Salton Collection, Mark Salton-Schlessinger (1914-2005) & Lottie Salton (née Aronstein, 1924-2020) [Stack’s Bowers, “Salton, Part I: Greek” (NYINC 14 Jan 2022), Lot 4268; Salton-Schlessinger FPL 27 (Fall 1958), No. 63 (“Ex Major de Laval Collection”)]
Publication: Thompson 540d.3, this coin cited (“Commerce 1955, gr. 16.61”) in The New Style Silver Coinage of Athens (1961, NY: ANS).
Note: See also Salton-Schlessinger FPL 27 & “Property of a Nobleman” [Laval] on Catalog Collection Favorites page. [Also from Salton FPL 27: Laodicea ad Mare, Elagabalus AE.]
Corinth, Corinthia AR Stater (8.54g, 21mm, 9h), 4th Cent BCE. Pegasos flying / Head of Athena, dove in wreath.
(Photo credit: Jackson-Jacobs.) Collection Hist.:
Dr. S. Pozzi (1846 – 1918) [Naville Ars Classica I (Lucerne, 14 Mar 1921), 1688];
Collezione Valerio Traverso (Genova) [Michele Baranowsky (Milan, 25 Feb 1931), 593 (Pl. XXII)].
Publication: Serge Boutin 3756 in Monnaies Grecques Antiques Provenant de la Collection de feu le Prof. S. Pozzi (1979, Maastricht: van der Dussen).
Note: There are multiple digitized copies of Ars Classica I online. The best is probably the BNF – Gallica copy linked above. Daniel L. Koppersmith listed Baranowsky’s Traverso sale in his article on “Important Auction Catalogs Offering Archaic and Classical Greek Coins” (The Celator May 2007: p. 22, 1 star).
Acquired at Glass Shoppe Coins (Tucson, AZ) c. 1991 (not from owner Halden Birt but – I believe – future owner Tony Tumonis): Where was it for 60 years since Baranowsky-Traverso?
Re: Dr. Pozzi, see Note 2C, Pozzi Bio. See also the Pelinna Obol above.
Literature Notes: The Pozzi-Boutin below is ex Salton (larger photo on Imgur; I also have the Wenninger copy).
The Baranowsky-Traverso is ex Libraries of Jacques Schulman (under Maurits, bound by Koster Boekbinderij 1931/2), Harry Bass Jr., Tom Cederlind (reportedly ex Malter Library, possibly in error), Kirk Davis.
Notes
Note, Sternberg (return): Frank Sternberg, Auction 1 (Zurich, 30 Nov 1974), Sternberg Collection of Roman. “Vorwort“:
“Bei der Ermittlung der Provenienzen hat sich die Feststellung wiederholt, dass die wahrhaft guten Münzen sich von Auktion zu Auktion zuruckverfolgen lassen. Solche Münzen gelangen nur selten in den freien Handel. Was in dieser Auktion geboten wird, war teilweise einmal Besitztum folgender bekannter Sammler: F.Martinetti & G.Nervegna (Sambon/Canessa 1907), Consul E.F. Weber (Hirsch 1909), R. Jameson (Feuardent 1913), J.Horsky (Hess 1917), P. Vautier (Naville 1922), M.L.Vierordt (Schulman 1923), Niclovits (Hamburger 1925), E.J.Haeberlin (Cahn/Hess 1933), Sir A.J. Evans (Ars Classica 1934), Fürst Waldeck (Mzhdlg. Basel 1935), Franz Trau (Gilhofer & Ranschburg/Hess 1935), Vicomte de Sartiges (Ars Classica 1938), H.Platt Hall (Glendining 1950), G.Mazzini (Ratto 1957).”
(It is rather depressing to realize that, despite having coins from most of the major Greek & Roman Provincial Collections, I’m still lacking an example from almost all of the Roman collections cited as important by Sternberg!)
Note, Bartlett-Muñoz (return): Prov. Notes: Miguel Muñoz was known as “The Dean of Mexican Numismatics,” a well-known author of books on Mexican coinage, president of the Mexican Numismatic Society / Sociedad Numismática de México (SNM). Many of Bartlett’s coins were accessioned into the ANS Collection. The remainder, sold at Keystone 4, present a fascinating catalog of a pivotal time in the U.S. ancient coin market (he recorded provenance unusually thoroughly for the 1980s), soon after “Silver Thursday” and the collapse of the rare coin market (along w/ the Hunt Brothers’ fortune).
Numis. Notes: Possibly the only known example of this type with the plow control symbol (“uncertain” per CNG); importantly, it is well known on the (rarer) Herakles / Athena issue of the same denomination, from the same period, in the name of the Brettii, which makes the present example potentially useful for understanding the controversial dating around the end of the Second Punic War (see Triton V (2002), 80 [w/ refs], CNG EA 224 (2009), 14, and Thonemann 2015 The Hellenistic World.., p. 106 – 107).
Note, Grantley (return): It’s clear from Lockett’s purchase records (58 vols. pub by BNS as PDFs) that he was the largest buyer of Grantley coins. Grantley was likewise among the most active buyers from the Mavrojani collection (Sotheby’s 1936). Vermeule was, in turn, a major buyer at the Lockett Sales (1955-1961).
In each case — Mavrojani (Sotheby, 1936), Grantley (Glendining 1940s), Lockett (Glend. 1955-1961), Vermeule (Triton III, 1999) — the vast majority of Greek & RPC bronze coins were sold in large group lots, only minimally described, no weights or photos. Few still retain provenances recorded back to Grantley or Mavrojani. (Especially unfortunate since Lord Grantley’s were sold during WWII shortages; thus, one of the finest collections of Greek bronze ever formed was never photographed. An SNG series was planned for Lockett’s bronzes, but only the AR/AV Sylloge was completed before he died in 1950.)
Importantly, however, the observant provenance researcher can often reconstruct these object biographies — especially for coins still accompanied by their old collector tags. Vermeule and Lockett usually preserved prior collectors’ hand-written tray tags and added their own notes, often naming the prior collector.
For instance, coins from one or two of Vermeule’s groups — including 1655 — have appeared in several Naville e-auctions in recent years, but with limited provenance info. Some are described as ex Grantley or British Collection formed in the 1930s or similar. On occasion, the tags are included in the auction photos. Some are readily recognizable as Lockett’s handwriting, others in the hand of Baldwin’s or whoever else regularly cataloged his coins (w/ Lockett’s corrections & additions), a few have Vermeule’s blue ink notes added, some have “Grantley coll.” or “Mavrojani coll.” penciled on the back (in Lockett’s hand).
Having been sold about 25 years ago (Triton III, NYINC, 30 Nov – 1 Dec 1999), other such groups are occasionally being dispersed. (E.g., my Augustus Samos from CNG.) One must, of course, be careful of confirmation bias or overreaching (e.g., assigning one too many links in the chain of prior ownership). But it is worth trying to take in the full context and marshal the available evidence, especially now that new information has been digitized.
Note, Virzi & Hardy (return): Virzi’s famous collection of Greek bronze was dispersed in several waves, many of the coins privately sold rather than at public auction. But all were documented in his rare (and very expensive!) set of photographs.
Little is (publicly) known about the “Tony Hardy Collection” (even if it’s a real name; I suspect not), only that the consignor was European, died, and had a vast collection (many dealers surely know much more). It is cited as an “important collection” (Classical Economies; Brousseau Annexe, p. 579; FAC-Numiswiki) in size & value, dispersed by CNG c. 2002-5 (MBS 61, 62 [Triton VI], 64, 67, 68 [Triton VIII], 69). (See also his entry in my Provenance Glossary.)
Note 2A (return): (a) The Hirsch XXIX – Lambros sale (Munich, 9 Nov 1910) is available online in multiple sites, but none are ideal. Uni Heidelberg (my usual preference) only has a copy without plates as far as I know; the Archive copy has plates and is nice enough, but is missing Pl. VII; for Pl. VII (and the rest), but poor image quality, see the HathiTrust copy [via Harvard] and Google Books’ copy.
(b) BCD Thessaly (Nomos 4 1060) also included a second Heraclea obol with a similar provenance pathway, from the Lambros Collection (but of earlier style) to the Sir Hermann Weber Collection, 2812 (rather than Jameson Collection, 1081A). That coin was purchased at Nomos 4 by Sheik Saoud Al Thani (no surprise, he bought most of them!). Apparently it was Edward J. Waddell (et al.) who soundly outbid me on this and the others from the “Man in Love with Art” sale at NAC 124 (23 Jun 2021).
Note 2B, Rogers – Pozzi – Pelinna (return): Rev. Edgar Rogers cited this coin as part of his collection on page 142 of his (1932) The Copper Coinage of Thessaly: “E.R. ex Pozzi 1236 (Fig. 234)” [Type 430].
However, the description & illustration are for a different coin. He also cites Pozzi 1237 (another AR from Pelinna) as being in his collection, but again erroneously. (Though it’s a volume about “Copper Coinage,” Rogers [1932] also includes many silver issues.)
Rogers did correctly cite other ex-Pozzi Collection coins of Pelinna, including 3 now in the BMC. Of the 3 coins in the Ars Classica sale & 3 more in Boutin (6 total Pozzi coins of Pelinna), Rogers claimed to have, or definitely did have, all or nearly all in his collection. Unfortunately, that portion of his volume is a bit of a mess.
It cannot (yet) be proven or disproven, but it seems likely that he acquired all six coins of Pelinna from Naville in 1921, three privately and three at auction, but mixed up the references when writing his 1932 book. Most of his Thessalian coins were acquired by the British Museum in 1933, but not all; some were acquired by other collectors or Baldwin’s and have remained in private collections.
Note 2C, Pozzi Bio (return to Pelinna or Corinth): “La Collection Pozzi” owes its fame not only to the outstanding quality and breadth of its members, and to the brilliant vision and meticulous work of its catalogueur sans pareille Jacob Hirsch (1874-1955). It also owes much to the flamboyant and and tragic allure of the collector himself, “Dr. Pozzi” (1846-1918) — Dr. Samuel-Jean Pozzi — “the seductive Doctor Samuel Pozzi, eminent surgeon, senator, collector, poet and traveler…” The subject of a famous painting, “Dr. Pozzi at Home,” by John Singer Sargent (1881). A book about his intense affair & decades-long friendship with famous French actress (and his patient!), Sarah Bernhardt (1844-1923).
I have some editing yet to do, I mean to update & post the Pozzi entry in my “provenance glossary” (including both bibliography and biography), which I’ve previously posted online (“A French Gynecologist Playboy, Nazis, and Numismatic Bibliomania“) with the relevant text posted in the comments.
Note 3 (return): Unfortunately, the BCD Collector tag was apparently lost when the coin went unsold at Naville Auction 14 in 2015 (Naville is a partner firm of NAC, who cataloged the primary BCD Collection of Lokris-Phokis for NAC Auction 55 in 2010). However, there’s enough circumstantial evidence to fill in the almost-certain pathway for this coin from the legendary Danish Royal Cabinet (cataloged in SNG Copenhagen) to BCD.
The vast majority of BCD’s published Copenhagen Duplicates were acquired directly from the Danish coin dealer and preeminent expert of Greenland’s coinage, Johan Christian Holm (1914-1987). The Danish National Museum has a longstanding policy of not selling coins from its collection, but in exceptional cases may trade duplicates for important new acquisitions.
According to BCD, in the early 1960’s Holm:
“exchanged a unique and extremely important early Danish coin for many boxes of the Copenhagen museum’s Greek duplicates that were not published in the SNG. The writer [BCD] was shown some of these boxes and spent many hours sorting out the more desirable pieces for his collection. […] this was by no means the last visit to Mr. Holm’s shop. As there were no other interested parties for this material, the writer ended up buying practically everything that was within his collecting areas.” [CNG Triton XV, “BCD Thessaly II” (3 Jan 2012), Lot 760; see also NAC 55, “BCD Lokris-Phokis” (8 Oct 2010), Lot 130.2; CNG Triton XV, “BCD Thessaly II” (3 Jan 2012), 278; and 5 other ACSearch lots.]
It would appear from BCD’s various provenances given in published auctions that he purchased these coins on occasions in 1966, 1974, and 1975, at a minimum (for others, no date is given). BCD also acquired multiple Peloponnesos AE from Bruun-Rasmussen Auction 498 (Copenhagen, 17 Sep 1987), but it’s probable these were also Holm’s “inventory,” from his estate, as he’d died that same year (and had a relationship w/ the firm). Later, Baldwin’s [Auction 3 (London, 5 Oct 1994)] dispersed his personal “collection of Roman silver portrait coins, as well as aes grave and other ancient coins” [The Celator, Oct 1994, 8 (10): 28].)
Note, W.P. Wallace (return [AR Obol]; return [AE]): William Pitkin Wallace was an important classicist at the University of Toronto, and pre-eminent expert on Euboia. (His son, Malcom B. Wallace [d. 2008] was also a distinguished scholar in the same field, in the same department. WP’s father, and MB’s grandfather, Malcom William Wallace [1873-1960] had been an English prof. at Toronto.)
The analysis of the Eretrian Obols (above) has figured into long-running debates not only about the early coinages of Athens and Euboia, but the relationship between the two poleis in the 6th and 5th cent. (Was the numismatic similarity a sign of cooperation between, or similarities in the historical development of, the cities?)
Pictured above: My library/collection also includes an inscribed copy of his book (w/ correspondence laid in) on the (much later) coinage of the Euboian League.
See also: Rynearson Nov 1980 List & Gans FPL 21 (Spring 1957), 5092-5094 for group offerings from Wallace Collection & his study (both lightly annotated in Catalog Library, ex BCD Lib. Dupl.).
Note 4 (return): As described in the Comparanda for the “Numislit Exhibit,” based on the weight and die axis, I feel confident this is the “12 mm, 1.18 g, 12 h” (Nomos 24, 136.2) Epidauros AE, ex Rhousopoulos, that BCD bought from Bank Leu in 1979 (presumably “old stock of Jacob Hirsch,” along with the many other Hirsch AEs that BCD acquired, 1975-1979). In my view, the collector tags and auction descriptions must’ve been switched for my coin and Nomos 24, Lot 136.2 (I haven’t seen it in person, but assume it actually measures 1.74g, 13mm, 2h, and should be accompanied by my Maleatas & BCD tags, “ex Am. Coll. Oct ’77”). I am less certain whether it’s the coin described in Hirsch XIII, 2729. Leu’s “Hirsch stock” included others from his auctions (unsold? purchased for his collection?); but not all of Rhousopoulos’ coins were in the auction. The description is close (AE 11.5mm, just as I measure it), but the reference to BMC 22 may be in error (it’s not ill. in 1887, but it is in the digital BMC; rather than an “E,” type 22 is an “E-Π” [E-P] monogram, for which this coin might easily be mistaken).
Note 5 (return): In BCD Peloponnesos this coin was described as the only known example with the ΣΠΑ monogram to left; recently (confirmed, 24 Jul 2022), I’ve seen another example in the inventory of Dr. C. Stadler (who seems to be a colleague of Traeger in the BNG and to have sold or consigned much of his collection, including this coin!).
Note 6 (return): The references/descriptions in Peus 430 were a bit scrambled for this and another coin, so I can’t be 100% sure this is the Traeger 454 plate coin until I see the volume.
Note 7 (return): The name for the “Athens Master” derives from a famous specimen housed at the Numismatic Museum of Athens. (There is also a “Copenhagen Master” and a “Paris Master” of Arkadian Hemidrachms, as well as a “Koppa Master.”) Williams commented specifically on these individual dies (O59 & R52). Of the obverse, which is the most important and original element of this coin’s design (p. 42):
“Among the obverses… there are two of outstanding quality, O. 59 and 60, which show two developments…. a tail of the himation thrown over the lap and appearing below the level of the seat of the throne with a zigzag edge running back representing the folds in this tail. The second refinement concerns the structure of the throne; on O. 59 and 60 the rear leg of the throne is realistically rendered in the form of an animal’s leg.”
Of the Athens Master’s reverses, depicting Kallisto (pp. 41-2):
“On his dies the hair is represented by lines, not beads, and is waved along the brow in a manner reminiscent of that on the Demareteion, which appeared only a short while before the first die of the Athens master. The binding of the goddess’ hair into the bun reveals the delicate line of her neck, which is further emphasised by a necklace placed high….The Athens master continued to work during the period of this section and cut the charming die R. 52.”